Key to the Bastille
"Give me leave, my dear General to present you with a picture of the Bastille, just as it looked a few days after I had ordered its demolition,- with the main key of the fortress of despotism. It is a tribute, which I owe, as a son to my adoptive father, as an Aide-de-Camp to my General, as a Missionary of liberty to its Patriarch." - Marquis de Lafayette to George Washington, March 17, 1790
The storming of the Bastille by a Parisian mob on July 14, 1789, marked the beginning of the French Revolution. As commander of the Paris National Guard in 1789, the Marquis de Lafayette received the keys to the loathsome political prison and symbol of absolute monarchy. In 1790, he sent this key and a drawing of the prison in ruins to George Washington, his former commander, who was serving his first term as America's first president in New York City. Washington prominently displayed the key as a "token of victory by Liberty over Despotism" in a custom-made, carved and gilded case in his Philadelphia executive residence and then in the Central Passage at Mount Vernon, where both objects remain to this day.
Published ReferencesJames C. Rees, Treasures from Mount Vernon: George Washington Revealed (Mount Vernon: MVLA, 1999), 57.
Christine Messing, John B. Rudder, and Diane Windham Shaw, A Son and his Adoptive Father: The Marquis de Lafayette and George Washington (Mount Vernon: MVLA, 2006), 17, 64-66.
"The Editor's Attic," Antiques 48, no. 3 (September 1945): 153.
Stephen Decatur, Jr., The Private Affairs of George Washington (Boston: 1933), 144-45.
Moncure Daniel Conway, The Life of Thomas Paine (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1892), 268-277.
Benson J. Lossing, Mount Vernon and Its Associations, Historical, Biographical, and Pictorial (New York: W. A. Townsend & Co., 1859), 217-24.
