Martha Parke Custis
In the eighteenth century, portrait miniatures functioned as tokens of love and loss, sentiments the Washingtons knew all too well. In spring of 1772, Charles Willson Peale visited Mount Vernon to paint miniatures of Martha Washington and her children, John and Martha “Patsy” Parke Custis. Peale captured them all at the height of their youth and vitality. Just over a year later, Patsy died of an epileptic seizure at age seventeen. In a letter to Burwell Basset, Washington described his devastated wife as being in the “lowest ebb of Misery.” The miniatures, which she wore as bracelets, perhaps afforded her some comfort.
Published ReferencesCarol Borchert Cadou. The George Washington Collection: Fine and Decorative Arts at Mount Vernon (New York: Hudson Hills Press, 2006), 60-61, 278.
Dale J. Johnson. American Portrait Miniatures in the Manney Collection (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1990), 32.
Lillian B. Miller, Ed. The Selected Papers of Charles Willson Peale and His Family, Vol. 1 (New Haven: Published for The National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, by Yale University Press, 1983.), 356-361.
Martha Gandy Fales. "Jewelry in America." The Magazine Antiques (February 1989): 514.
Charles Coleman Sellers. "Portraits and Miniatures by Charles Willson Peale." Smithsonian Magazine 176 (April 1979): 59-61.
The Evening Star (Washington, D.C.), 20 March 1934.
Benson J. Lossing. Mary and Martha: The Mother and Wife of George Washington. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1886), 123.