Argand wall lamp
"I should be glad to receive a dozen other patent lamps for the Hall, entries, and Stairs, of my house. These lamps, it is said, consume their own smoke - do no injury to furniture - give more light - and are cheaper than candles. Order a sufficiency of spare glasses and an abundance of wicks." - George Washington to Gouverneur Morris, New York, March 1, 1790
In September 1787, Philadelphian Eliza Powell sent George Washington an Argand "reflecting lamp for your hall." Noting that "one of these Lamps gives more Light than Three Spermaceti or Six Tallow Candles," she concluded it offered "an immense saving in any one Article of Family Use." Mrs. Powell's gift clearly impressed Washington, as three years later he ordered fourteen Argand table lamps and twelve wall lamps for his executive residence in New York. He brought the lamps with him to Philadelphia and Mount Vernon. His accounts record the wall-mounted lamps as "oval Japan," or japanned, referring to the original surface that imitated fashionable Japanese and Chinese imported lacquerware. This is the only one of the dozen wall lamps known to survive.
Published ReferencesCarol Borchert Cadou, The George Washington Collection: Fine and Decorative Arts at Mount Vernon (New York: Hudson Hills, 2006), 152-3, cat. 45.
Martha Gandy Fales, "The Silver," Antiques 135, no. 2 (February 1989): 521.